To deter spyware, computer users have found several practices useful in addition to installing anti-spyware programs.
Many system operators install a web browser other than IE, such as Opera or Mozilla Firefox . Although these have also suffered some security vulnerabilities, their comparatively small market share compared to Internet Explorer makes it uneconomic for hackers to target users on those browsers. Though no browser is completely safe, Internet Explorer is at a greater risk for spyware infection due to its large user base as well as vulnerabilities such as ActiveX .
Some ISPs - particularly colleges and universities - have taken a different approach to blocking spyware: they use their network firewalls and web proxies to block access to Web sites known to install spyware. On March 31 , 2005 , Cornell University 's Information Technology department released a report detailing the behavior of one particular piece of proxy-based spyware, Marketscore , and the steps the university took to intercept it. Many other educational institutions have taken similar steps. Spyware programs which redirect network traffic cause greater technical-support problems than programs which merely display ads or monitor users' behavior, and so may more readily attract institutional attention.
Some users install a large hosts file which prevents the user's computer from connecting to known spyware related web addresses. However, by connecting to the numeric IP address, rather than the domain name, spyware may bypass this sort of protection.
Spyware may get installed via certain shareware programs offered for download. Downloading programs only from reputable sources can provide some protection from this source of attack. Recently, CNet revamped its download directory: it has stated that it will only keep files that pass inspection by Ad-Aware and Spyware Doctor.
Notable programs distributed with spyware
Notable programs formerly distributed with spyware
- AOL Instant Messenger (AOL Instant Messenger still packages Viewpoint Media Player, and WildTangent)
- DivX (except for the paid version, and the "standard" version without the encoder). DivX announced removal of GAIN software from version 5.2.
- FlashGet (trial version prior to program being made freeware).
